Paul Gilroy developed his theory, ethnicity, and postcolonial theory. In this theory, Gilroy suggested that colonial discourses continue to inform contemporary attitudes to race and ethnicity in the post-colonial era. Also, in this theory, he suggested that ‘civilisationism’ constructs racial hierarchies and sets up binary oppositions based on notions of otherness. These ideas can certainly be applied to 2018’s Black Panther. "Black Panther," directed by Ryan Coogler and released in 2018, takes place in the fictional African nation of Wakanda, which is untouched by colonialism and possesses advanced technology.
Firstly, one specific part of the narrative which displays Gilroy’s points is the idea of Hybrid Identities: In "Black Panther," we see the character of Erik Killmonger, who represents a complex hybrid identity. Killmonger's father, N'Jobu, was a Wakandan prince who grew up in America. His character embodies the interconnected histories of Africa and the African diaspora, a concept central to Gilroy's theory. Killmonger's motives and actions are deeply rooted in his hybrid identity and the anger he feels toward the injustice suffered by Black communities worldwide. Another key aspect of Black Panther which displays Gilroy’s points is the Cultural Exchange: Wakanda's isolation from the world parallels the idea of isolationist postcolonial nations that sought to preserve their culture and traditions. The film highlights the tension between Wakanda's desire to protect its resources and the responsibility to help other nations that have been victims of colonization. This mirrors the complex debates around cultural exchange and responsibility in the postcolonial world, displaying points about Gilry’s concept of ‘otherness’, which is displayed in this film, due to the contrast of culture in this film to previous Marvel films.
Moreover, "Black Panther" is celebrated for its Afrofuturistic portrayal of a technologically advanced African nation. Gilroy's theory encourages us to see this as a celebration of a reimagined Africa, free from the oppressive legacy of colonialism. The film reclaims African agency and presents a vision of a future where Africa plays a leading role in shaping its destiny. Also, the film explores themes of diaspora and belonging through T'Challa's struggle to reconcile his identity as the King of Wakanda with his global responsibilities as a superhero. This narrative reflects the tensions between a localized identity and a broader sense of belonging, which is central to postcolonial discussions.
In "Black Panther," we find a rich tapestry of postcolonial themes that align with Paul Gilroy's postcolonial theory. The film pushes boundaries by reimagining Africa's place in the world, celebrating hybrid identities, and engaging with complex questions of responsibility and belonging. By applying Gilroy's theory to this specific media text, we gain a deeper appreciation of how postcolonial discourse continues to influence and shape contemporary narratives and representations.
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